COSMO Updraft Gasifiers (Producer Gas Plants) convert low cost solid fuels like biomass, coal or wastes into clean combustible gas that can be used to substitute any petroleum derived fuel (FO/LDO/LPG/HSD) catering to almost any thermal (heating) or power generation applications.

PROCESS

COSMO Updraft gasifiers are air-blown (air+steam) and operate at near atmospheric pressure. The output gas contains 40-45% combustible constituents mainly in the form of CO, H2, CH4, condensable volatiles and balance inert gases consisting of CO2 & N2. This gas is called producer gas and hence such gasifiers are also known as ‘producer gas plants’.

Fuel is fed through the top of the gasifier while gasifying medium is blown through the bottom. Gases rise upwards countercurrent to the fuel path. Producer gas exiting through the top of the fuel bed carries with it the moisture of fuel, particulate matter (dust) and condensable volatiles (tars). While the gasifier is used in “hot gas mode”, the temperature of output gas is maintained such that tar remains in vapour form and gets burnt at the burner. While the gasifier is used in “cold-clean gas mode”, the temperature of output gas is maintained as low as possible so that most of the sensible heat of gases is absorbed by fuel bed. The output gas is then cooled & cleaned before being sent to user equipment.

Ash is in granular form and comes out of gasifier in wet condition. It does not fly around and can be removed from the site conveniently.

ACCEPTABLE FUELS

Wide variety of carbon containing solid fuels can be gasified in COSMO updraft gasifiers that include biomass, coal and wastes.

Biomass materials, such as wood, agro-residues and agro-industrial-residues are good candidates for our gasifiers, with following limitations:
Size: 25 – 150 mm,        Moisture: <20%,           Ash content: <25%,         Ash fusion temperature: >1250 0C,          Bulk density: >250 kg/m3
Agro-residues and agro-industrial-residues, which mostly come in low density granular form, need to be agglomerated by briquetting to achieve the desired size & density requirements.

Hard bituminous and sub-bituminous coals of any origin can be gasified, with following limitations:
Size: 20-50 mm,                                Moisture: <15%,               Ash content: <40%,         Ash fusion temperature: >1350 0C
Brown coals, which easily crumble into powder form, are difficult to use as they diminish the porosity of fuel bed, adversely affecting smooth operation of gasifier.

Waste materials can also be gasified. However, they need to be tested in our pilot plant to arrive at appropriate design & operating conditions.

CAPACITY RANGE

300 kWth to 10,000 kWth (10 MWth) in single reactor modules
(Equivalent to 25 to 875 litres/hour oil substitution)
With parallel installation of multiple gasifiers, any capacity is feasible.